CMOS “Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor”.
It is also called as Non-Volatile Ram (NVRAM) or Real-Time Clock (RTC). A Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor is a battery powered chip that provides start up info like Hardware settings, system time & date settings etc..... to BIOS (Basic Input Output System). BIOS uses this information when you start your computer.
Generally, CMOS battery can last for ten years. But that depends on certain factors, e.g environmental factors, overheating can damage or reduce its lifetime.
A CMOS Chip has approximately 64 Bytes of memory.
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